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来源: 银川朗阁教育 编辑:佚名
托福阅读如何得满分 大家应该都清楚吧,托福阅读考试是有技巧的。技巧只是一种辅助工具,想要取得胜利最重要的还是努力,因此,多练习才是最重要的。托福阅读如何得满分?
1.托福阅读词汇
从某种意义上来讲,词汇量的大小是托福阅读理解高分的基础和关键。如果词汇量没有达到基本要求(五千以上),纵然你有再多锦囊妙计,也只能命丧ETS的“毒招”之下。所以,以牺牲词汇量为代价的技巧练习是完全不可取的。 2.托福阅读技巧 托福的阅读量非常大,一般的中国考生根本无法把文章全部读完,所谓的“扫读法”、“跳读法”和“略读法”也只能适用于少数类型的文章,不能解决本质问题。那么,文章到底应该怎么读法呢?一句话,主动地阅读文章的关键部位。 所谓主动是指不能像一般的阅读那样完全被动地接受信息,而应该不断的进行思考和预测;所谓关键部位,主要是每一段的开头和结尾部分。由于托福的阅读理解文章全部选自于正式出版物,文章的逻辑结构非常完整和严谨,而且出现的逻辑模式也是屈指可数。 经过系统的训练,考生的预测可以做到非常准确的程度。这样,通过阅读文章的几处关键部位,就能很快地把握整个文章的结构和内在的逻辑关系,也就解决了问题的70%。 3.解题训练 排除法恐怕是大多数学生在解阅读理题目时使用最多的方法。事实上,这种方法具有致命的缺点:干扰大、费时间。更有效和迅速的办法是读完题干之后,就在脑子反映出一个模糊的或者是不完整的答案,然后直接在选项中寻找接近的答案进行判断。这种能力必须在平时的训练和讲解中逐渐养成和加强,决非什么技巧之类的东西可以替代。 托福阅读应该如何巧用关键词 托福考试阅读部分一篇文章一般较长,所以一般是以段落为单位的。有时候可能会有学生说我做题的时候并不会去看整段啊,或者有学生说我看懂了哎,但题目就是没做对啊!其实我们在阅读一个段落时要学会使用方法,是什么方法可以帮助我们快速阅读呢? 要读懂一个段落我们只需要抓住几个关键词而已。那么关键词怎么抓呢?一是看逻辑信号词;二是读句子的时候一定牢记只看主干!下面我们就以托福资料25中的文章The Decline of Venetian Shipping为例,说说如何巧抓关键词。 资料25-2 The Decline of Venetian Shipping: Paragraph 2 This decline can be seen clearly in the changes that affected Venetian shipping and trade.First,Venic’s intermediary functions in the Adriatic Sea,where it had dominated the business of shipping for other parties,were lost to direct trading.In the fifteenth century there was little problem recruiting sailors to row the galleys(large ships propelled by oars):guilds(business associations)were required to provide rowers,and through a draft system free citizens served compulsorily when called for.In the early sixteenth century the shortage of rowers was not serious because the demand for galleys was limited by a move to round ships(round-hulled ships with more cargo space),with required fewer rowers.But the shortage of crews proved to be a greater and greater problem,despite continuous appeal to Venic’s tradition of maritime greatness.Even though sailors’wages doubled among the northern Italian cities from 1550 to 1590,this did not elicit an increased supply. 以上算得上是托福阅读中较长的段落了,在快速阅读这个段落的时候我们要找的关键词是:逻辑信号词—如段落中所标示的first,but,this…我们不难发现这些信号词所在的句子基本都是解题的信息点。那么在做题定位时不妨多加留意。当然,抓住这些关键词并不难,难在理解。 接下来我们就来看看理解这些句子时的关键词。每段话的首句是必定要读的。This decline can be seen clearly in the changes that affected Venetian shipping and trade。这是包含了一个定语从句的复杂句。先看到核心词changes,再看到Venetian shipping and trade。这篇文章接下来具体要写的内容就展露无遗,也就是威尼斯船业和贸易的变迁。First,这当然是开始写shipping的标志了。Venice’s intermediary functions in the Adriatic Sea,where it had dominated the business of shipping for other parties,were lost to direct trading.我们一直强调句子要读主干,那么简单地看这个句子就是Venice’s functions were lost,核心词很显然是lost,也对应了整篇文章的主题decline.接下来两句写到了15和16世纪遇到的船员难招的问题。…there was little problem recruiting sailors to row the galleys(large ships propelled by oars):guilds(business associations)were required to provide rowers,and through a draft system free citizens served compulsorily when called for.这句话中有冒号的出现,阅读冒号之前的内容there was little problem;到下一句:the shortage of rowers was not serious because the demand for galleys was limited by a move to round ships(round-hulled ships with more cargo space),with required fewer rowers.这句中要看到的核心是not serious;再往后看到But….to be a greater and greater problem.到这里意思应该已经一目了然了,就是讲威尼斯船业在招聘船员方面所遭遇的变迁:little problem—not serious—greater problem.